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  • Volume 15, Issue 4

Influence of environmental variables on saxitoxin yields by Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii in a mesotrophic subtropical reservoir

Simone Pereira Casali, André Cordeiro Alves Dos Santos, Patrícia Bortoletto de Falco, Maria do Carmo Calijuri
Published August 2017, 15 (4) 509-518; DOI: 10.2166/wh.2017.266
Simone Pereira Casali
Laboratório de Biotoxicologia de Águas Continentais e Efluentes (BIOTACE), Escola de Engenharia do São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400. CEP 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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André Cordeiro Alves Dos Santos
Laboratório de Microbiologia Ambiental, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil E-mail: andrecas@ufscar.br
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Patrícia Bortoletto de Falco
Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, SP, Brazil
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Maria do Carmo Calijuri
Laboratório de Biotoxicologia de Águas Continentais e Efluentes (BIOTACE), Escola de Engenharia do São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400. CEP 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Abstract

Saxitoxins are a class of toxins produced by at least two groups of evolutionarily distant organisms (cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates). While the toxicity of these toxins is relatively well characterized, to date little is known about their drivers and ecological functions, especially in lower latitude tropical and subtropical freshwater ecosystems. In the present study, we aimed to obtain a better understanding of the main drivers of saxitoxin concentrations in aquatic environments. We investigated the relationships among saxitoxin concentrations in a mesotrophic subtropical reservoir dominated by the cyanobacteria Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii with physical, chemical and biological water variables. The highest saxitoxin concentrations were 0.20 μg·L−1, which occurred in the samples with the highest densities of C. raciborskii (maximum of 4.3 × 104 org·mL−1) and the highest concentration of dissolved nutrients (nitrate from 0.2 to 0.8 μg·L−1, ortophosphate from 0.3 to 8.5 μg·L−1). These correlations were confirmed by statistical analyses. However, the highest saxitoxin relative concentrations (per trichome) were associated with lower C. raciborskii densities, suggesting that saxitoxin production or the selection of saxitoxin-producing strains was associated with the adaptation of this species to conditions of stress. Our results indicate that C. raciborskii toxin yields vary depending on the enrichment conditions having potential implications for reservoir management.

  • artificial eutrophication
  • cyanobacteria
  • cyanotoxins
  • subtropical reservoir
  • First received 21 October 2016.
  • Accepted in revised form 1 March 2017.
  • © IWA Publishing 2017
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Journal of Water and Health: 16 (1)
  Volume 15, Issue 4

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Influence of environmental variables on saxitoxin yields by Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii in a mesotrophic subtropical reservoir
Simone Pereira Casali, André Cordeiro Alves Dos Santos, Patrícia Bortoletto de Falco, Maria do Carmo Calijuri
Journal of Water and Health Aug 2017, 15 (4) 509-518; DOI: 10.2166/wh.2017.266
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Influence of environmental variables on saxitoxin yields by Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii in a mesotrophic subtropical reservoir
Simone Pereira Casali, André Cordeiro Alves Dos Santos, Patrícia Bortoletto de Falco, Maria do Carmo Calijuri
Journal of Water and Health Aug 2017, 15 (4) 509-518; DOI: 10.2166/wh.2017.266

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Keywords

artificial eutrophication
cyanobacteria
cyanotoxins
subtropical reservoir
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